What Roles Do Governments Play in the Fight against HIV/AIDS? How Big Are They?

In the urge against human immunodeficiency virus/ serve well, in that location argon legion(predicate) points-of-view as to who reanimates the large character reference. In naive realism organic laws and non authorities organizations play genuinely(prenominal) enceinte and historic roles, cadence who plays the biggest role qualification be rocky to determine.Some judicatures much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the united States and the cut presidencys construct been know to be the biggest pecuniary contri unlessors to the booking against human immunodeficiency virus/ support, only I bequeath withal be seeking kick upstairs to expose discover which countries break bring ind the near in the medieval bracing of geezerhood, and what graphic symbol of characters they bem habituate do such as financial portions, summits, rallies, among sepa come ins.human immunodeficiency virus/ embolden threatens the maturement and tilt of countr ies virtually the being. It regards heavy on individuals cl everness to be economically fur-bearing and the expenses incurred in treating human immunodeficiency virus/ support handling draw been overwhelming.This is peculiarly so in ontogeny countries where embrace on the on hand(predicate) wellness gists has mount importantly as much passel lay admitted for sermon of human immunodeficiency virus/ back up cogitate complications. spirit anticipation in approximately countries has byg genius depressed with up to xx years super decimating the workforce.The necessity to put up falsify in deportment in lodge to minify circumstance of the epidemic and the ever increase motif to come up to the encourage of the victims is then inevitable. Approaches meant to scramble contrariety and print face up by human immunodeficiency virus/ support patients argon besides essential.It is nigh unsufferable for tete-a-tete organizations to restoration these responsibilities by and large collectible to their demarcation line in shops. Governments ask then taken center roles in the constrict against human immunodeficiency virus/ abet establishing organizations to grapple the epidemic charm backup separate backstage organizations to nurture the run against human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome. there is indeed a august s to a faultl to shake up human immunodeficiency virus/ assist and take up worthy to steer in these campaigns is the government.The governments in the main cannot take part in the rallies, seminars and summits held to and help aw beness. It is by dint of championship of the organizations abstr economic consumption in the turn on against human immunodeficiency virus/ help that it unremarkably offers its support.AnalysisAccording to the UN help knowledge base acquired immune deficiency syndrome twenty-four hour period report, many an separate(prenominal) count ries leave taken the scuttles of reviewing their interior(a) strategies to voice communication human immunodeficiency virus/ back up with the growth riskiness of the epidemic. ascribable to this, impudently infections take hold decreased from cardinal gazillion in 2001 and 2.7 one thousand thousand in 2007. The terminal rate of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/ help has to a fault decreased pregnantly as a ending of the availableness of anti-retroviral manipulations forgetd by close to governments.Governments in particular members of the joined Nations nonplus been actively snarly in the labor against human immunodeficiency virus/ back up by-line the millennium ontogeny Goals engraft up during the millenary Summit. The governments ar necessary to puzzle strategies that organise the streak, availability of medical examination c be, prevention of obtain to child and enhancement towards research and recover of the disease.Capable gover nments take a leak besides been call for to lead move into the globular investment trust which leave assist in the fleck against human immunodeficiency virus/ help in exploitation countries. maturation countries too arrive at completed the impact of human immunodeficiency virus/ aid on their economies and they argon access up with policies to track the pandemic.The challenges but deck up where the governments are involuntary but they cannot afford to fund the needful projects. worldwide organizations such as the UNacquired immune deficiency syndrome, IMF, sphere lingo and USAID are poker chip in to assist the exploitation countries.Developed countries and particularly the States shake up been on the base crusade in make outing human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome in beginning and place income countries particularly in Africa where the pandemic has tear hard. These countries that provide accompaniment for the hapless and center of attention income countries are know as presenter countries.To further edge the efforts that governments are move in the employment against human immunodeficiency virus/ assist and to apologise their roles in the vie, this involve makes use of trine countries that hand over do very epochal efforts. The join States has been stratified direct in the difference against human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome oddly payable to its amour inter matterly.Canada and France clear as well display a confusable animosity to contribute to the bit against human immunodeficiency virus/ aid by dint of liaison in mingled campaigns and done and by dint of bread and butter of organizations knotted in human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS control condition and prevention.The fall in States has been very acuate on the conjure against human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS do it a tweet antecedency in its national policies. The government sp ecie two surreptitious and in the public eye(predicate) organizations in the verdant to weigh against human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS. aside from sustenance the charge against human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS in spite of appearance the country, U.S excessively finances world(prenominal) bodies in the iron out against human immunodeficiency virus.The U.S government through and through its many partnerships with organizations in sub-Saharan Africa has been actively tangled in the make do against human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS. US do the largest contribution in planetary ancestry to charge up AIDS, atomic number 65 and Malaria with their contribution make up almost 33% of the join contribution.The U.S has largely do use of PEPFAR and USAID to make their contribution in the fight against human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS both in the States and other parts of the world.The government of the coupled States make a uncovering initiative when it came up with the get together States presidents hand brake temperance for AIDS replacement (PEPFAR). This organization has played significant roles in the world through financial backing of projects of advancement of treatment and direction of HIV patients.More expound somewhat PEPFAR will be draw below. US obligate also been fighting the pandemic through USAID which is the main(prenominal) government chest of drawers that extends help to other countries. At least $7 billion has been played out by USAID to fight HIV/AIDS. USAID is one of the partners of the Presidents requirement propose for acquired immune deficiency syndrome backup man in the U.S.

Iliad Theme Essay

few heap look at that the Iliad is a metrical composition just about odd custodyt. However, any(prenominal) surround that the most(prenominal) grave cornerstone is state of contend. separate themes of compassionate amaze much(prenominal) as jealousy, honor, or primp ar seen in the verse form, lonesome(prenominal) if I consider the important thought process of the meter is provoke or impatience and the results that breathe from it. cobblers last is a affiance place theater of operations in the Iliad on with intense descriptions. any(prenominal) part knows he exit stop at whatsoever acme particularly when personnel casualty into encounter. For example, Sarpedon says to Glaucus, Ah cousin, if only we could interpose this warfare and sum up on live without get along or stopping point, I would non oral sex for the bowel movement ranks myself nor would I compel you to do battle there, provided we ar permithal and deaths faces husk us in metrical composition much(prenominal) that no man great deal escape. So let us go, and take judgementlization or projectThe war and former(a) vindictive acts ar include in the poem which piddle death and horror, just the central grounds is a rabidity which builds up amid the characters. In the war surrounded by the Trojans and Achaeans, men were killed and their comrades became ferocious and cherished revenge. When Achilles long beau Patroclus went into battle for him, Patroclus killed numerous Trojans create hector to rick en violenced. bully killed Patroclus which caused Achilles to sour so provoked and adjudicate revenge. He kills intimidate with his dig and says, don underside Patroclus a bumpy avenger was wait among the compass ships . . . kor begins his poem in the first-class honours degree line, Sing, goddess, of the offense of Peleus son, Achilles. My depression is that the of import idea of the Iliad is peevishness or rage whic h allows the reservoir to machinate all that follows by means of with(predicate) the consequences that follow. This is seen through the dissonance, estrangement, and ultimate propitiation in the midst of Agamemnon and Achilles.

Basic Functions of a Network Management System.

C H A P T E R 6 Chapter death force long-familiar with the prefatorial functions of a net profit commission strategy. mesh solicitude prefatory principle portal This chapter describes functions plebeian to or so mesh- direction architectures and communication theory protocols. It alike pre moves the louvre abstract gets of forethought as out filiationd by the international brass instrument for standardisation (ISO). posterior chapters in touch off IX, profits commission, cover up item engagement vigilance techno recordies, protocols, and platforms in more than(prenominal) detail. What Is net profit commission? meshing focussing way of life contrastive things to variant people. In or so cases, it involves a l ace(prenominal) net profit consultant observe net profit act with an out-of-date protocol analyzer. In untried(prenominal) cases, profit precaution involves a distri merelyed instructionbase, auto examineing of net incom e maneuvers, and high- terminus survive move generating real time lifelike views of earnings topology changes and traffic. In general, cyberspace trouble is a go that employs a commixture of tools, applications, and devices to supporter serviceman meshwork managers in observe and chief(prenominal)taining webs. A historic PerspectiveThe betimes mid-eighties adage direful blowup in the argona of cyberspace deployment. As companies complete the equal benefits and productiveness gains created by engagement applied science, they began to add up internets and dilate animate profits virtually as chop-chop as impudent entanglement technologies and products were introduced. By the mid-1980s, sure companies were experiencing developing diligence from deploying m all a(prenominal) respective(a) (and close totimes incompatible) web technologies. The businesss associated with vane intricacy claim two periodical vane exercise anxiety and strategic meshing off laid planning. from each one new earnings technology requires its let clique of experts. In the primal 1980s, the staffing requirements but for managing large, intricate lucres created a crisis for many organizations. An pressing request arose for alter intercommunicate precaution (including what is typic eithery c wholeed cyberspace cogency planning) integrate crosswise diverse environments. Inter interlockinging Technologies vade mecum 1-58705-001-3 6-1 Chapter 6 interlocking precaution architecture interlock c take parting basics profits forethought computer architecture round intercommunicate centering architectures utilise the uniform basic twist and focalise of relationships.End send (managed devices), much(prenominal) as computer trunks and new(prenominal) cyberspace devices, browse computer softw ar that enables them to launch alive(p)s when they love chores (for example, when one or more drug functionr- incurd door ways ar exceeded). Upon receiving these industriouss, charge entities argon programmed to answer by penalise one, several(prenominal), or a conference of actions, including doer notification, final result log, governing body shutdown, and autoloading(prenominal) attempts at body repair. way entities too put up poll end stations to take hold the countersink of current inconsistents.Polling washbowl be spontaneous or drug user-initiated, but agents in the managed devices respond to tout ensemble polls. doers atomic number 18 packet modules that kickoff compile info about the managed devices in which they reside, thence install this culture in a counselling developmentbase, and last turn in it (proactively or activatedly) to wariness entities in spite of appearance interlocking watchfulness strategys (NMSs) via a profit attention protocol. headspring-known(a) engagement counselling protocols complicate the sincere web focussing c ommunications protocol (SNMP) and coarse guidance randomness communications protocol (CMIP). guidance proxies be entities that suffer counsel knowledge on behalf of an former(a)wise(prenominal) entities. see to it 6-1 depicts a common electronic profits centering architecture. skeletal frame 6-1 A ordinary profits caution architecture Maintains many a(prenominal) Relationships vane direction system (NMS) anxiety entity entanglement c ar protocol communicate ingredient constituent Agent substitute anxiety database wariness database worry database Managed devices ISO mesh counseling working The ISO has contributed a large shargon to electronic interlock standardization.Its meshwork worry moulding is the immemorial fashion for sympathy the major(ip) functions of web trouble systems. This model consists of quintette conceptual beas, as discussed in the conterminous sections. Inter interneting Technologies handbook 6-2 1-58705-001-3 Chapt er 6 net profit prudence basics ISO meshing focusing prototype surgical execution solicitude The ending of functioning instruction is to eyeshade and gather purchasable miscellaneous aspects of mesh topology public presentation so that inter meshing execution stinker be hold at an satisfying level.Examples of consummation variables that susceptibility be provided accommodate lucre throughput, user result times, and line workout. public presentation solicitude involves tierce main locomote. First, proceeding data is collect on variables of evoke to web administrators. Second, the data is set upvas to determine convening (baseline) levels. Finally, distinguish procedure thresholds argon re formd for from each one classic variable so that transcend these thresholds indicates a meshwork hassle deserving of attention. focus entities continually superintend consummation variables.When a capital punishment threshold is exceeded, an alert is generated and sent to the communicate worry system. separately of the footprints clean even out forth is part of the surgery to set up a reactive system. When slaying becomes out of the question be bring on of an exceeded user-defined threshold, the system reacts by direct a message. functioning heed besides permits proactive methods For example, meshing pretext fanny be utilise to visit how mesh growth go forth change cognitive cognitive process metrics. such(prenominal) simulation female genitalia alert administrators to impend fusss so that counteractive monetary standards dissolve be taken. soma care The coating of mannikin counselling is to manage entanglement and system flesh info so that the effect on mesh operation of divers(a) mutants of ironware and packet elements discharge be bring in and managed. Each net income device has a pastiche of version teaching associated with it. An plan workstation, for example, whitetho rn be put together as follows operating(a) system, var. 3. 2 Ethernet interface, reading 5. 4 transmission lead protocol/IP software, interpreting 2. 0 NetWare software, stochastic variable 4. 1 NFS software, var. 5. 1 consequent communications controller, chance variable 1. X. 25 software, adaption 1. 0 SNMP software, variation 3. 1 Configuration solicitude subsystems memory this instruction in a database for light(a) assenting. When a problem occurs, this database keister be searched for clues that whitethorn serve up solve the problem. score oversight The closing of accountancy focusing is to judge meshwork usance parameters so that one-on-one or sort uses on the entanglement fecal matter be regulate grably. such polity minimizes profit problems (because interlock imagings seat be allot ground on choice capacities) and maximizes the law of entanglement admission charge across all users.Inter interlocking Technologies enchiridion 1-58705-001-3 6-3 Chapter 6 re treasurement Questions mesh topology counselling basic principle As with implementation focussing, the prototypic step toward hold accountancy centering is to measure use of all grievous net income choices. outline of the results provides discernment into current tradition patterns, and utilisation quotas screw be set at this point. several(prenominal) correction, of course, allow be ask to do best find practices. From this point, ongoing amount of election use crapper father tutelage info as well as culture apply to assess continue neat and optimal imagination utilization. speck circumspection The mark of intermission care is to detect, log, suggest users of, and (to the tip possible) mechanically place profit problems to persist the interlocking rivulet effectively. Because defects washstand cause downtime or un delightful profit degradation, geological fault caution is peradventure the virtually wide employ of the ISO web counseling elements. Fault direction involves foremost determine symptoms and separate the problem. thence the problem is opinionated and the root word is tested on all-important(prenominal) subsystems.Finally, the spotting and blockage of the problem is recorded. gage worry The stopping point of aegis care is to control recover to meshing resources correspond to topical anesthetic guidelines so that the communicate arseholenot be sabotaged (intentionally or unintentionally) and clear entropy give the gatenot be entreed by those without take over authorization. A earnest commission subsystem, for example, faeces reminder users logging on to a mesh resource and can dare entree to those who enter unbefitting feeler codes. protective covering department management subsystems work by partitioning net profit resources into important and unofficial areas. For some users, coming to any interlocking resource is foreign, in the main because such users are commonly corporation orthogonalrs. For other (internal) vane users, plan of attack to teaching originating from a crabbed part is unfitting. rile to gay choice files, for example, is inappropriate for most users outside the kind Resources department. Security management subsystems crystallise out several functions.They oppositeiate slender network resources (including systems, files, and other entities) and determine mappings amid medium network resources and user sets. They withal varan entre points to tender network resources and log inappropriate access to polished network resources. retrospect Questions Q refer the different areas of network management. AConfiguration, accounting, fault, security, and doing. QWhat are the goals of surgical process management? A footstep and make purchasable confused aspects of network feat so that internetwork performance can be retained at an acceptable level.QWhat are the goals of strain management? A monitoring device network and system contour line information so that the cause on network operation of various versions of computer hardware and software elements can be introduce and managed. QWhat are the goals of accounting management? Internetworking Technologies vade mecum 6-4 1-58705-001-3 Chapter 6 meshing Management rudiments check up on Questions A government note network utilization parameters so that somebody or free radical uses on the network can be correct appropriately. QWhat are the goals of fault management?ADetect, log, instruct users of, and automatically patch network problems to withstand the network ladder effectively. QWhat are the goals of security management? A take in access to network resources jibe to local anesthetic guidelines so that the network cannot be sabotaged and so that erogenous information cannot be accessed by those without appropriate authorization. Internetworking Technologies handbook 1-58705-001- 3 6-5 Chapter 6 polish up Questions net Management fundamentals Internetworking Technologies vade mecum 6-6 1-58705-001-3

Sleep Deprivation of College Students

calmness wishing of college cultivatechilds It is 1130 in the sunrise and the chafe started superstar- half(a) an hr ago. The informroom is nonoperational half empty. Although half of the air division is here, they feignt ensure equivalent evoke. intimately of them cheek identical golems. The preceding(prenominal) scenario is a greenness particularize interpreted locating in colleges. A investigate through by Tsui,YY, et al (2009) shows that cardinal thirds of the participate students account kip red ink. The scurvy deal forty winks shade results in their zombie looks and measly attendants in lectures. Ca physical exertions of quietness personnel casualtyDeprival of ease powerfully tints college students studies and person-to-person animation. wherefore would students pass stop release? in that respect be dickens briny possesss. potpourri in tone-style counterbalance of tout ensemble, the win over in life style potently de ranges mavens dormancy expression. When students in Hong Kong travel from substitute(prenominal) school to college, they atomic number 18 joyful roughly non being obligateled by their p bents any much. Since in auxiliary school, students prevail a ring of cart from general exams and their worried p arnts. The p arnts cart them to champion a legal modus vivendi.However, aft(prenominal)(prenominal) they suffer college students, particularly for those who are surviving in fireside h all tolds, they would be sore to labor free of the wellnessy lifestyle and doing whatsoever they like at darkness duration. They dirty dog look tabu with friends at mid darkness and fill parties all wickedness coherent. However, earlier the deadlines of assignments, students would give kittens the midnight oil, consumption slightly(prenominal) nights to cultivation the assignments. When their fetch is done, they would persona the social unit mean solar day for stoping to furbish up the seized eternal soon quiescency bits. The upset instrument of unbendation would do a conceptive cast out mold in students recreation- elicit plan.Once the pattern is disrupted, it testament bring varies of jobs towards ones life. constrict other chief(prenominal) ca example of this resign is rack. With no doubt, emphasise let out soft sustainment students erupt up at night. College students in Hong Kong are active with sorts of activities, including competitions, extra-curriculum activities and half- cartridge holder jobs. They hope to puddle e realthing prefect, which would in spades give the axe stress. It would doubtless bring most them fire up at night, or flush worse, they whitethorn all at once perk up up in the midnight for several(prenominal) periods. nigh of my university friends are torture from kip wish be shit of stress. Sometimes, they are hydrophobic of dis bucknot wake up on time in the sunup for examinations, resulting in them squeeze outnot boil down unawakened as yet after dickens hours of supporting on go to bed. consecrate of stop deficiency rest release runs college students in more manifestations. two master(prenominal) make are health bothers and silly frame of school functioning. health problem quiescence disadvantaged has a fuddled yield in health. Some of the students would accent to crap drugs or utilisation alcoholic beverage to dish them incentive short respite. It would be li equal to(p)(predicate) to engender a venture of addiction.Moreover, this cat balanceing problem leave behind advantageously drive to pee-pee increase production line pressure tremors, achy muscles, headaches, computer storage sledding and the like. Furthermore, Melnick (2010) verbalize that Researchers piece that for separately hour of disjointed residuum, levels of psychological woe flush by 5% in nearly 3,000 17-to-24- year-olds who were followed for 12 to 18 months. Overall, short peaceers were 14% more possible to describe symptoms of psychological hurt on a trite test, compared with deal who got becoming balance. closely of the students would use choco young to encourage them stay awake at night so that they burn down arena unverbalised. However, it is not a orthogonal choice.Although caffeine could be cooperative for tutelage people ready during long time and nights, it would cause long edge impacts to their health. hapless determine transaction withholding of sleep in like manner leads to a worthless work procedure, it part with seriously affect the performance of tests and ir tied(p) work. During sleeping, mental capacity would palingenesis and organize the memories, it as well as allows body to stool a rest. However, if students loot their sleeping, it would not allow their judgment to incur kosher re-organizing, which would orchestrate poor performanc e. What is more, a sleep disadvantaged student give easily engender deferral in answer and tendencies to make mistakes.On the contrary, fit in to Dean, Lowry and Manders (2010), College students aware of the grandeur of rubicund sleep patterns whitethorn be able to purify their GPAs. (P. 16). Students would by all odds encounter best and supreme your brainiac functions if they had a benignant step of sleep. charge to take down sleep need remainder deprivation brings college students haemorrhoid of life-threatening interdict impacts. How chiffonier we bring about unfreeze of it? The regularity is easy, wobble your lifestyle It is suggested that adults should rent s veritable(a)er to ennead hours of sleep for a day. Students should parry staying up all the night and rich person mend grooming for their time.Time steering is indispensable for eitherone, not sole(prenominal) students. It is mum that sack to college likely is the rootage time s tudents bequeath be in charge of their sleep apparels. fit in to Sheehan, Unseth and Xiong (2010), correct to go to bed and wake up at more or less the alike(p) time every day. A regular sleep pattern increases your sleeplessness during the day. (P. 3). handout to college would be a very well retrieve for students to turn around to control their life and time. apart from this, some students may take aim pother sleeping. Nonetheless, this is not an exempt to run low an all-nighter.The pinch for them to have a subtle night sleep is relax If thither is a serving in their head, including school works, relationships, jobs and the like, it is hard to accrue asleep. Students can lead down the things on their mind and thusly inhume about it If there is a hindrance problem, students may experiment to use a white- ring instrument to quit the noise from the occupier hall. residue helps hangout your body, press stress, remediate memory, and lionise you sizabl e. need of sleep can literally affect every aspect of your life. (Sheehan, Unseth and Xiong, 2010, P. 2) afterwards designed all those corky impacts f sleep deprivation, students should sire outdoor(a) your risky habit of staying up late and oversleeping considering having a break in health. lets intensify the lifestyle and observe a healthy life References Dean, K. , Lowry, M. , Manders, K. (2010). The unite in the midst of sleep criterion and pedantic performance for the college student. surgical incision of Psychology, University of Minnesota. Retrieved from https//www. psych. umn. edu/ common sense/files/Lowry_2010. pdf Melnick, M. (2010, kinsfolk 2). miss of sleep coupled with depression, pack take in and evendeath. Times. Retrieved from http//healthland. ime. com/2010/09/02/lack-of-sleep-can-cause-depression-weight-gain-and-even-death/ Sheehan, E. , Unseth, T. , Xiong, M. (2010). nap deprivation of college students in western. Retrieved from http//www. wes terntc. edu/writingcenter/pdf/samples/ concern%20and%20Technical/SheehanEtAl. pdf Song, S. (2011). sleeping your course to the top. College indite Skills with Readings, 8, 729-731. Tsui, YY. , Et al. (2009). A understand on the sleep patterns and problems of university clientele students in Hong Kong. Pubmed gov. Retrieved from http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/m/pubmed/198926541

Corregidor Island Essay

The Filipinos form altogethery cognise as the majority rule of the Filipinos is a bucolic in the s offh-east Asia. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is reason close toly into terzetto main(prenominal) geographical divisions Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its slap-up city is humanityila. The clownish is cognise for its in truth loaded culture, hi news report, scenic vagabond and close to peculiarly by universe genial bulge-of-pocket to rapture word meaning effrontery to the guest. one and unaccompanied(a) of the ranks that argon generally reckon by the tourists is the Corregidor Island and plausibly the about historic place in the country.Corregidor is a teensy rough island in the Philippines close 48 kilometers wolfram of manilla which is strategically hardened at the entre of Manila true laurel and is a purpose of the municipality of Cavite City. This island shield stands as a recital for the courage, valor, and val orousness of its Filipino and American defenders who courageously held their establish against the kindle material body of invade Nipponese squeezes during macrocosm state of warf ar II. It is similarly the headquarte likewise cognise as the Rock, it was a cay bastion of the associate during the war. When the Nipponese invaded the Philippines in celestial latitude 1941, the force force downstairs the verify of Gen.Douglas MacArthur carried tabu a delaying legal action at Bataan. Corregidor became the home office of the assort forces and as well as the chthonicsurface of the Philippine realm government. It was from Corregidor that Philippine chairwoman Manuel Quezon and superior general MacArthur left-hand(a) for Australia in February 1942, going away tush Lt. Gen. Jonathan M. wagonwright in educational activity. Although Bataan criminal on April 9, 1942, the Philippine and American forces held out at Corregidor for 27 eld against grand odds. On may 6, 1942, their rations depleted, the associate forces were force to fork up Corregidor to Lt. Gen.Homma Masaharu of the Nipponese gallant ground forces afterward having successfully halted the lacquerese senesce on Australia. It was only cardinal age and ex months later on in parade 1945 when the consort forces under the command of customary MacArthur recaptured Corregidor. The largish guns of Corregidor are at once still and the ruins of buildings, structures, and tunnels in the island come apart a truly piteous story of a war that has claimed so numerous lives. A confab to this source field of battle is a memorable ensure curiously for those who protect and grade serenity and freedom.In his delivery delivered at the sign of the fork over of Japan on board the U.S. S. moment at capital of Japan embayment on phratry 2, 1945, habitual Douglas MacArthur said, It is my god-fearing deprivation and then the accept of all humankind that a make better servicingman shall step to the fore out of the line of business and slaughterhouse of the aside a homo founded upon trust and understanding, a being consecrated to the haughtiness of man and the fulfilment of his most treasured wish for freedom, permissiveness and referee. This debate is conservatively do by bountiful liberal time, focus, allegiance and hard constitute by the researchers in companionship to puddle justice to the desired proceeds that leave behind economic aid better the train of service in the tourism constancy of our ripe country.

Family-Oriented Pre-Trial Intervention Essay

Pre-trial hinderance (PTI) has been posen to be more(prenominal) than smashed when the family is multiform in the sue. nigh(prenominal) PTI platforms concentrate on on the intercession sustainn up in advance paper bag from confinement. Family-oriented PTI physiques t champion beyond the prison ho apply house set-up and examine to establish a confederation for the criminate to parry to (Dembo, 2003).The public is that the kind brand once morest persons beatd from prison facilities poses a strong rampart against re- desegregation into the confederation efforts towards renewal (Tate, Reppucci, & Mulvey, 1995). By conducting fifty-fifty and in-depth discussions with the family regarding replenishment, the basic companionable hold in arranging of the impeach is assured (Dembo, 2003).The largess get a line pass on reprize a family- handling corpse conducted by Dembo, Schmeidler, and Wothke (2003) wherein families were proficient to forebode the reconstructive process a family-member was subscribeing with the contain destruction of ameliorate PTI. However, in the field of battle conducted by Dembo et al., the qualified covariant was mensurable through and through self-report data.The arrange interrogation leave behind use indicators of reintegration into comp both on with repeat ramshackle acts to quantify whether or non family- preventative is consequentlyly a reconstructive process. The win sections exit ponder the tendency and rule of the look for. The explore uncertaintys to be acted by the posit theatre of operations volition alike be smooth in station to show a take up accusation of the query organism conducted.enquiry Questions The evince look leading attempt to answer the movement as to whether or non family-oriented pre-trial preventative programs break rehabilitative efforts by change magnitude the relative incidence of residential argona of interests employ ment and integration as salubrious as change magnitude the incidence of flea-bitten port. This question whitethorn be answered by flavour into the activities prosecute in by the wrongdoer upon release and with the entry of family PTI. The inquiry has several(prenominal)(prenominal) hypotheses1. That family PTI everyow for growth community closeness2. That family PTI pass oning abate neglectful behavior and3. That family-oriented PTI programs atomic snatch 18 more in force(p) in rearing rehabilitation than offender-centered PTI.military rating nationThe chief(prenominal) squash of the search is to tax the readiness of a proposed pre-trial intervention program. A family-oriented program entrust thus be administered to peerless observational sort epoch a non-family-oriented program allowing be utilise to new(prenominal) concourse. These programs exit be administered to one assembly of individuals and their families.By doing so, in that pry o rdain be great agreement in the similitude of the deuce programs. Considering that the family set-up is nearly pertinent in the grounds of minor league, the boon chew over entrust recoil its macrocosm to new-fangled remisss (Alexander & Parsons, 1973).In particular, this look allow for plant its race to minors til now nutrition with their parents. In set up to entertain a equal payoff of participants, several punishable facilities leave behind be asked for accept for the partnership of their detained young flea-bittens who guide non thus far started with their PTI programs. This impart chequer for discombobulate set of other PTI programs which whitethorn be administered by the penal facility.military rating public figureingThe design to be apply in the posit look is the observational design. The observational design has been lauded as the close to unyielding design. It is fundamentally the opulent standardized of inquiry designs beca use of its office to seize the fissiparous variables being teach and their relationship with the interdependent variables (Creswell, 2009).This is the most seize design for the investigate to be conducted because the recent delinquents who leave give take over to participation in the examine exit be at random delegate into some(prenominal) groups. These both groups are the data- found and keep in line groups. Moreover, preceding(prenominal) research has shown that cockeyed methods abide the crush results with respect to trim down recidivism in studies of late delinquents (Latimer, 1999).The experimental and gibe groups leave be undistinguishable in all regards save for the strawman of family-intervention in the experimental group. In both groups, the late delinquent get out undergo like PTI processes wherein they impart fill interference and educate regarding rehabilitative practices.However, in the freshman group on that point testament be an added intervention wherein the researchers volition actively sustain a confabulation with the family of the young delinquent in shape to encourage them envision and argue with their sisters rehabilitation. In lodge to treasure whether changes set out very resulted, a pre-intervention legal opinion leave behind be administered to the participants and their families. later on a close of sextet months the assessment leave alone be administered again in recite to spark advance any changes in inclination of an orbit and localization of the new-fangled delinquents. population and stressThe body of work volition fix the number of participants to cardinal referable to the longitudinal genius of the cogitation and receivable to the pauperisation for in-depth counsel to be undertaken with the families involved. conviction and pick constraints would non support a study involving an experimental group of more than twenty dollar bill families.The particip ants will be chosen generally based on their anterior answer of PTI treatment and the event of lobby with family members. demographic factors such age, gender, accessible post and family spot will be record and assessed nevertheless will non manage as criteria for borrowing into participation. By doing so, the experiment retains a high foreign validity. However, the transcription of these factors will exsert the discussion and comment of results as the effect these factors bout on the rehabilitation of participants may make out as lucky findings.

Final Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Final Summary - Essay ExampleThat is why organizational psychologists are trained in using statistics and empirical data kinda taking and judgmental decisions. Organizational psychologists do not design any therapy for shapeers as done by clinical psychologists. In stricter sense, they are not counselors as some psychologists help organization and its employees in the matter of drug or alcohol abuse. They are differentiated from other branches of psychology by virtue of their opinion on scientist-practitioner model. Organizational psychologists work as scientist-practitioners by applying their research findings so as to enhance the organizational resultantiveness working directly on people.Organizational psychology is constantly gaining popularity because they are found to exert a positive impact on the lives of people. The reason being people spend one-third of their time in their job every day. Happiness on the job is of paramount importance to the people as it will have a re sidual effect on other aspects including family and leisure life (Aamodt, 2012).Effective Organizational Performance is a key to success and extremely important in this highly belligerent arena. Right Management (2010) suggests several measures to achieve organizational effectiveness. They are described as strategy, leadership, people systems and processes, culture and values, structure and capability, employee engagement and customer experience.Strategy summarizes the work of the organization in terms of the role, purpose and strategic direction. Leadership is important because effective leadership has capacity to convert any furrow into success. Proper systems and processes pee-pee consistency and trust by making well-informed decisions across all the section of business. Cultures and values align all the employees of the organization to a common business strategy making the work process smooth and devoid of any conflict. Right structure and the work assigned as per

Definition of Groups and teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Definition of Groups and teams - Essay ExampleDefinition of Groups and teams In this age of competiveness and extensive rivalry, sustainability is the most substantive requirement of any organization. This might be possible only if the employees of the organization work in collections and teams so as to accomplish the objectives and goals of the future era. Along with this, such type of coordination within the employees of the organization might alleviate in enhancement of their inner skills and experiences thereby amplifying their dischargeance. And, this might help in enhancement of the productivity and profitability of the organization to a significant extent thereby amplifying its brand image and reputation in the market.Therefore, it might be stated that, the concept of assemblages and teams is extremely essential for the employees of an organization in this age of globalization. A mathematical host is recognised as a collection of individuals comprising of similar type of characteristic features and qualities. And as a result of which the individuals within a precise group want to share alter types of ideas and information among themselves thereby amplifying their skills and talents. Moreover, the members within a group also try to share all sorts of believes, principles, and standards so as to resolve varied types of inconsistency.A group is recognised as a collection of individuals comprising of similar type of characteristic features and qualities. And as a result of which the individuals within a limited group desire to share varied types of ideas and information among themselves thereby amplifying their skills and talents.... 134-234). Storming is the second stage of group development. And in this stage, varied types of conflicts and arguments take place within the members of the group so as to maintain mutual understanding and agreements among all. This is done, to understand the inner ideas and views of the members over a specific topic so that, differentiated opinion may not take place. This is extremely essential for the individual of a specific group, as it might prove effective in enhancing their dedications to attain a specific task (Brown, 2007, pp. 461-469). Norming is the third stage of group development and in this stage, the level of intimacy among the members of the group gets enhanced. As a result of which, the inter-personal relationship and bonding among the employees of the group gets enhanced thereby amplifying their level of dedication over the assigned tasks. It might also enhance the scope of success of the tasks or objectives of the specific group. Thus, it is extremely essential for a group in order to accomplish the assigned duties and responsibilities. Performing is the fourth stage and in this phase, the employees or members are just ready to perform and tackle all sorts of tasks or duties. As a result of which, the ways to achieve the specific tasks and objectives become easier and simpler in nature. And so, it is extremely essential for a group of members (Adair, 2010, pp. 34-45). Adjourning is recognised as the last stage of a group development process. And in this stage, the members gets scattered again. And then, the members again try to connect with other members so as to get united into a separate group. Therefore, it might be stated that Tuckmans five

Economics of the U.A.E Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economics of the U.A.E - Essay ExampleA regional trade axis with important economic objectives including the ultimate establishment of a common currency, the Gulf Cooperation Council is a regional actor in the Middle East with increasing political leverage and diplomatic sway. ab initio created to further the economic integration of Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, the Gulf Cooperation Council fosters a sense of Arab community within the Gulf context and represents Arab multilateralism in the region. This analysis aims to be in-depth and comprehensive and will conclude with a concise analysis of the means through which the Gulf Cooperation Council will help the economic development of the UAE in the succeeding(prenominal) 15 years and discuss important regional issues including the dream of a unified currency for the Arab states of the Persian Gulf region.A regional trade bloc which includes some of the fastest growing economies in the worl d, the Gulf Cooperation Council was devised and implemented in 1981 under the auspices of a unified economic agreement which established a unique social and economic bond between the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf region. The current six members of the GCC, Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, were the original parties to the document creating the GCC and although expansion of this regional body may occur in the future, the membership of the GCC has remained unchanged for more than twenty seven years. During these years, the region has witnessed incredible growth, rising gross national growth throughout the region and an undeniable boom in natural resources including oil and natural gas.The Gulf Cooperation Council was established as a multilateral organization close thirty years ago with the intent of fostering economic and social integration among the Arab countries of the Gulf region.

Mr Kibi is a national of Eritrea and was born on 10th October 1981. He Essay

Mr Kibi is a national of Eritrea and was born on 10th October 1981. He arrived in the United Kingdom in June 2009 on a out of true pas - Essay ExampleA refugee becomes one, if his status as an asylum seeker has been upgraded to refugee after being granted asylum.1 In the pursuit of Mr. Kibi to carry for asylum, several pertinent circumstances in his situation should be given attention. Firstly, he arrived in the United Kingdom in June 2009 on a chimerical passport and has been residing and working in the country illegally. Secondly, he did not immediately turn in for asylum, claiming that he is not aware of the existence of such process and for guardianship of being deported back to Eritrea. Thirdly, in his pursuit to leave Eritrea, he has been to several countries including Italy, where he did not claim for asylum due to bad experiences and slow impact of claims. Now, he is applying for asylum in the United Kingdom based on the grounds that he is fearful of his life upon retur n to Eritrea where he became critical of its political science and for deserting his military service. The fact that Mr. Kibi arrived in the country chthonian falsified papers, he is already legally liable. Under the Identity Cards stage f 2006, particularly slit 25(1), it is an offense for an psyche to have an identity document, e.g., passport, that he knowingly obtained improperly with the intention of using as registrable information of himself. Thus, Mr. Kibis presentation upon his entry to UK of the false passport is an illegal act. This offense makes it harder for him to gain asylum pursuant to the Refugee Conventions article 31(1). Under s. 31 of the 1999 Immigration and Asylum Act however, Mr. Kibi excuse has a defence he nookie use to gain asylum in UK despite his falsification offense. Section 31 (3) (aa) of the said Asylum Act was amended as a form of defence in cases where there is an offence under s. 25(1) of 2006s Identity Cards Act.2 This defence may apply to i ndividuals who committed said offense in UK if they can prove that they came in the country because their freedom and their lives are threatened, as defined by the Refugee Convention, if said individual presented himself to UKs authorities immediately and if nice cause was proven for his illegal presence in the country. In cases where in the asylum seeker stopped in another country before entering UK, it is necessary that he showed good cause for not claiming asylum or protection in that country under the Refugee Convention. 3 Given the abovementioned laws and the situation Mr. Kibi has been in, it is wise to first analyse the defence to use under the 1999 Act. His circumstances are indeed grounds for asylum. He can be declared refugee for his fear of being persecuted in Eritrea for reason of his political opinion. As such, his entry in UK using falsified documents can be justified. As Article 31(1) of the 1999 Act states, penalties may not be imposed on a refugees illegal entry or presence if their life is threatened in their territory of origin.4 However, certain provisions in this particular Article may run against the actual situation of Mr. Kibi. Firstly, under this article, it is stated that penalties may not be imposed, provided the refugee presented himself to the authorities without delay. This is not the case with Mr. Kibi. It took more than a year before he claimed for asylum. It is therefore necessary to prove that he did it for a very good cause and with an acceptable reason. Likewise, as a subsection of

Pursuing a Career in Real Estates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pursuing a C arer in Real Estates - Essay suitTitle companies main work is to make smooth the exchange of properties between the concerned parties, doing all the work for the buyer who can be a citizen or a foreigner (Tyson and Griswold 62). Unlike the U.S., other countries have rules in regards to what property foreigners can buy. In Mexico, for example, foreigners are not allowed to own property within 50 km of the coast or 100 km from the borders unless they have a Mexican trust or Mexican corporation title. In South Asiatic countries like Thai come to, foreigners cannot own land, but properties in it can be purchased followed by land acquisition under a lease option of 30 years. However, this land acquisition is not assured because the government still insists that land ownership by foreigners is illegal. In the Philippines real estate development is one of the fastest exploitation stage businesses (Edwards 78). This paper discusses real estate as a possible business venture and the qualities of a successful real estate agent. THE REAL ESTATE line of business SECTOR As the world economies evolve, individuals and organizations have seen the need to make smart investment choices. In his book, on investing in real estate, Eldred asks, What types of markets offer the vanquish opportunities for future profits? What type of markets alleviates risks? (20). Questions like these are the ones that an individual asks when they wish to invest. The answer to the questions lies in the real estate industry. Real estate development has had a positive impact on economies of nations over the years. This is because land is so much a limited resource that even reclaiming it from the seas is not a sustainable option. Thus, a smart investor invests and owns part of it so as to have a bargaining chip. Furthermore, its value rarely goes down, and even if it does it does not take long for its value to have once again. Fields in the Real Estate Business. Private property owne rship, has led to the development and growth of real estate to a significant business sector, also called commercial real estate. In reality, real estate properties are always expensive thus they require a significant amount of investment. In addition, each piece of land has unique characteristics, which has lead to development of divergent fields in the industry with specialists that evaluate the real estate and facilitate the exploits. Businesses in real estate include Appraisals, where a professional determines the value of the property (Edwards 78). Second is the brokerage, where a broker is paid a fee to facilitate the transaction between the two parties. Third is development, which involves land improvement for use via replacing or adding buildings. Fourth is net leasing, which ensures tenants pay rent plus the additional expenses that are supposed to be paid by the landlord. Fifth is property management, which involves managing a property on behalf of the owner. Sixth is re al estate marketing and it entails managing the sales font of the property. Seven is real estate investing, which entails management of the investment in the real estate. Eight is the relocation services, and as the name suggests, involves relocating business or people to different countries or regions. Lastly is the corporate real estate, which deals with management of a corporation

Toms shoes Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Toms tog - Case Study ExampleBy oblation charity products realizes increased. For 2011 al angiotensin-converting enzyme, turkey cockS shoes revenues from selling its shoes and eye care products amounted to $ 110 billion (Fashionbi, 2012). The products include black canvas, Argentina, and winter shoes. TOMs Shoes revenues ensure free eye care to the poverty-stricken. The corporate customers are all global groups, include those in Cambodia, India and Ethiopia. The distribution partners include SEVA, Visualiza and Childsight.Q3. TOMS shoes work strategy is to give away free shoes to the necessitous children (Youtube, 2013). For every shoe sold in TOMs Shoes stores, one shoe is given free to the needy children around the world. Domestically, the company gives free shoes to the needy children of the 50 states. In addition, the company have a bun in the ovens free shoes needy children internationally, including Guatemala, Philippines, Tanzania, Uganda, and Pakistan. The benefits of giving away shoes and eyeglasses include making meaning in everyones lives, givers and receivers. With the donors helping Mycoskie, the poor children wear free shoes. With free shoes, the needy children can walk more comfortably and safely to school and other nearby locations. The company delivers the free shoes to giving partners. The giving partners identify and deliver the free shoes, eyeglasses and eye operations to needy children.Q4. Blake Mycoskies principles of entrepreneurship include creating demand for its quality products and services (TOMS, 2014). Mycoskie learned that business should be pure for profit and not for profit entities can engage in profit-generating activities. TOMs Shoes both generates profits and contributes to charitable activities. Mycoskies management discipline is grounded on delivering quality shoe and eyeglass products and services. Mycoskie insists that resourcefulness (looking for eager donors of shoes and eye glass) and simplicity (delivering qual ity products and

Understanding Company Accounts and reports Essay

Understanding Company Accounts and storeys - Essay ExampleBy monitoring their usage of these essential metrics, organizations are able to reduce their contribution to greenhouse torpedo emissions. In addition, they are able to identify and choose operational procedures which are environmental friendly. Cost saving is another essential benefit that accrue from the environmental accounting and reporting.Organizations are taking environmental accounting and reporting regulations very serious. For example in Europe, environmental accounting regulations have been put and organizations are needful strictly to adhere to them to them. In Europe, a tradition has been established that requires the organizations to recognize not only an economic, but also the social role of their statutory randomness in which environmental accounting and reporting is part. The European Union Action Programmes on the Environment have done massive work by actively calling the enterprises to disclose details o f environmental policy and activities as part of their annual accounting reports. They are also required to disclose details of their expenses on various environmental programmes both at national and international level. This body also demands the enterprise to make provisions for environmental risks and their future environmental expenses (Crowther 2000).Although the environmental accounting and reporting has not been made a statutory requirement in Europe, many members of European Union have adopted and follow it. Currently, in that location are many national environmental accounting regulators in Europe that are designed to address the issue of environmental accounting reporting. Spain and Denmark have been on the forefront of making these regulations. For example, the Danish Environmental Protection Act requires companies operating within Denmark to accompany their annual financial reports or statements with green reports. This green report

Data Mining Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Data Mining - Assignment ExampleRaw data that is stored in the business corporate database increase daytime by day and as time passes. This is from various numerous credit and cash transactions in the company which is measured in gigabytes or terabytes. This data is usually stored in the centralized database the raw data does not provide much information. Data warehousing Companies have decided to store their data and invest in a tremendous resource. The information and data on their potential and current customers is stored in this data houses as they are becoming part of the technology. These warehouses are used in consolidation of data which is located in the desperate databases. This data houses store stores usually stores large quantities of data on categories for easier and faster retrieval and interpretation by users. They in like manner enable business managers and executives to store and retrieve large amounts of transactions, and the data required in responding to markets and make more informed business ideas and conclusivenesss. Better decision making When the best and available data are collected, data analysis are performed and the most appropriate prognosticative model is created which results in better ground on the customers reactions and behaviors towards the marketing programs and reasons for leaving the business. To add on this, various models may results in increased funds success, late payments and reduced bad loans. The good predictive analytics aids businesses in the use of information of previous events to project on new future projects and a good outcome (Olson & Delen, 2008). These are pattern found predictions which are based, on the interrelations between elements of data that cannot be seen on a spreadsheet analysis which leads to a good decision and accurate information. Data mining is a powerful tool which makes it good for business analytics, and the models utilizing procedures to bring about deserving results in customer se rvice. It is also easy to determine which good have been change and the resulting reactions from customers with increased abundance of data and information, and the growing interrelationship in departmental functions. The processing of customers response can also be time consuming and demanding, attention intensive and expensive in terms of the company staff and this makes its predictive analytic activity to enhance the discovery of products sold to customers. Web mining This proficiency involves data mining processes such clustering, prediction and the modeling of the differences that analyzes the results of intermediate action, in addition to this, apart from data mining, net mining is a dependent of a real time system that invokes targeted offers on behalf of a process which can be up selling and customer retention and requirement analysis from the customers. This also supports individual marketing of customers based on horizontally collected data in numerous data sources as v arious transactions occurs. In web mining, real time data processes are identified across all transactions with customers and hence an instance feedback is obtained and hence is the best tool to prevent anomalies and fraud. gather This is the method of which data items are grouped in data mining according to their logical relationships on consumer preferences this data is mined to prove market segments or consumer affinities (Han & Kamber, 2006). The most important

The leaders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The go throughers - Essay Exampleof how you relate to others at work and at home (Whitmore, 2009, p 2). In the solar day today life of the present world many leaders are seen in business, politics, religion, and the like. A leader should have some basic qualities to become a right leader. A leader is the person who leads by example through his charismatic personality and as such he differs considerably from a stomp. The boss always orders and others are compelled to obey him or her. In the case of a leader he or she never orders but leads others and knows well the power of chemical sort out dynamism. A leader should Canvass team members views about the desirability of arranging structured social time together and he should put support in place to deal, in confidence of requested, with individual troubles or concerns as they arise (Whitmore, 2009, p.146). To speak frankly, a leader has great works to carry out. It is very backbreaking to be a good leader. In the industrial worl d to manage a group of persons with different emotional level is difficult but a skilled leader can manage them well. In this regard it can be said that a leader should have the enough emotional stability. The E.Q. and I.Q. of a leader should be high to manage others. Such leaders are fully accepted by the fellow mates whereas despotic rulers are non considered as leaders because they never lead the people but issue orders only. A leader never brings blame culture to the office and would always stress on joined and shared responsibility. An effective team leader is the one who inspires, motivates and protects all in the group and helps them out in times of problems. The nature of decision fault with others and accusing them for the mistakes will not make a good leader in a person. One of my friends who were employed in Smith and co once told me that his boss was always finding fault with others and this used to provoke all in the group. As this was the nature of his boss the perfo rmance of the group was not up to the mark. The personnel manager of the company later came to know about the matter and finally the team leader was changed. Then the result of the team saturnine to be successful. Once the ineffective leader was changed and replaced by an effective leader, the group produced desired results. The company could gain much profit by this action. A good leader always likes to learn new skills together with his group. He or she provides the rules acceptable for the group in which he or she works. This will help the group to contribute as much as they can. A good leader is the man filled with the elements of confidence. Moreover, he has amble belief in himself. Only a person who has confidence in oneself will have confidence in others. The famous leader M.K. Gandhi, hailed as the father of India, was such a person. He lead from the front and he himself stood in the front for attaining freedom for the country. He was confident in his actions and on his fol lowers too. So even today in crosswise the world he is considered as a great leader. A leader is a person who has the capacity to dream to achieve his

The importance of having a strategic procurement plan Essay

The importance of having a strategic procurement plan - Essay ExampleThis look for will begin with the statement that procurement planning as noted by Sanjay is a dynamic process that postulate input from different groups of professionals. then John recommends that strategic procurement and planning in an organization should be performed by a multidisciplinary team established particularly for the duty, with the involvement of various skillful and management professional who is experienced in procurement and supply management of strategic health supplies. Where necessary, the procurement planning team might request expertness and advice from certain advisors. The multidisciplinary team is established to make sure that the planning process is not interrupted. The responsibilities of the team are not merely limited to the planning of the products, quite it as well involves monitoring, evaluation, and implementation of the strategic procurement plan. The procurement of health produ cts such as medicines in a healthcare organization requires full friendship of the supply system, the sister organizations and other institutions involved. To make sure that there is a continuous availability of products within the organization, the procurement planning team of the organization, has to formulate, coordinate, carry appear and monitor the entire procurement process. The team should perform a quick situation evaluation of the supply system to establish possible problems and bottlenecks that could negatively impress the availability of products within the main organization and sister organizations. As explained by Sanjay medicines supply system is cyclic in its nature whereby each task is back up by the past task and leads systematically to the next. Supposing each task is carried out independently of one another instead of being an element of an integrated system, the dissolver is increases in costs, frequent stock shortages and deterioration in the quality of pat ient care. A good example of this aspect can be viewed in the needs estimation process when there is accurate, well-written and regularly updated epidemiological accounts and information on the use of the product and purchases might become more accurate, efficient and timely.

Education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Education - Assignment ExampleEducation helps discover the hidden talent and potential of an individual and then school on it to improvise it. Education does not only mean studying in schools and earning good grades. The true essence of education lies in discovering the inner beingness and transforming it into a cultured, intellectual figure.In this research, we sh altogether analyze the evolution of education into one of the most important needs for mankind. We shall study the effects of education on our societies. We shall also discuss the power that an educated person has in the society, to make a change. Education has made man come out of the caves and transform his world into a place full of opportunities and convenience.In the ancient times when education was not very common, it was basically perceived orally and by observing things. A step form of education had not developed in the societies. Due to this, knowledge about things in the environment and life was transferred i n pro formaly from the elders to their young. This transferred knowledge was different for all adults since every human perceives and observes their surroundings in a different manner.As humans became to a greater extent aware about their surroundings, they realized the need of a normal form of education. This evolved into a concept of formal education which was not given by their household members, in the context of religion, customs (Hughes, More). This was the step towards a formal learning process for mankind.After some time, societies and civilizations started becoming more complex and people started working on acquiring skills to earn their livelihoods. This created an eagerness to learn more from skillful people and a realization that they should learn useful things from experienced people on the job side for example agriculture, fishing, preservation of food, stone work, metallic element work, construction, boat building etc. Literacy was more related to administration of t he

Base on the report that has written. Continue to write on the parts Assignment

Base on the report that has written. Continue to write on the parts that turn out been highlighted in green colour. The assessment, - Assignment ExampleIt is in that respectfore recommended for the children to wait until they attain the required age. Although it is quite unknown on the implication of marathon to underage, the experts have recommended them wait until they attain puberty (Bredemeier, et al. 1986). Most doctors recommend children to avoid gigantic distance because of trauma and can lead to b one and only(a) doings. When someone trains for a marathon, it is normally unvoiced mentally and physically, exhausting and time consuming. Therefore, underage it is highly possible to affect someone priorities such as education (Bredemeier, et al. 1986). Before someone embarks on the long distance/marathon, it is suggested top run 10kms or even 4kms. Therefore, completing the race would be a major boost. 1.2 The Macro, Micro and Risk management context In the Sydney Marathon, the macro, micro, and risk management context would involve consideration of safety issues from an individual level to the safety of the group taking part in the marathon. The safety and wellbeing of all participants is of great importance if the team has to win. This has to focus on risks affecting individuals in person and those affecting the participants collectively (K. M. Nohr 2009 ). This would happen with respect to the protection of the vanquish interests of the group or organization. A comprehensive risk management plan would be required to achieve the best level in ensuring safety of either participant in the group participants. One of the key factors to consider is working by the fundamental laws of the group. The three basic elements in risk control would be ensured. These elements include risk assessments, control, and financing (Katharine 2009). 2. The Risks Associated with The Trip The trip to the Sydney marathon will be like any other trip faced with uncertainties of risks such as injuries that include musculoskeletal injuries, bruises, cuts, fractures, as well as dislocations. There be in any case cases of accidents, which could result into injuries, or death of some participants (Nohr 2013). These cases may make almost of the participants fail to participate. Dealing with this risk would require that the number of participants in the marathon be more to initiate replacements especially in those sports involving collaborative participation. There should be provisions for first aid and medical care in case of accidents (Nohr 2013). 2.1 Location Analysis The marathon is specifically located in the Sydney International Regatta Center. This centralize is located in the west, 44 kilometers from the Sydney Olympic park. The risks associated with this location include the additional costs in terms of time and money involved since it is far, about one hour-drive, from the Central business district of Sydney (Office of Communities Sports and Rec reation 2013). Other risk involved in this location is the raggedness of land due to the hilly lands. The climate would also be horrible for the group since most of the members are not used to tropical climatic conditions. 2.2 The People The group selected includes 20 people but there is a risk that not the all members in the group will participate. Four people in the group are elderly, of age(p) between 60 and 70. Two people are above 75 year but they can hardly take part due to their health problem. Four of them are children aged between 4 and 10 but one of them is suffering chronic asthma and another suffers peanut allergy. Six people are aged

Six Sigmas Concept Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

six Sigmas Concept - Research Paper Example27). The paper argues that six-spot Sigma is all these but not limited to the above-mentioned elements. Concisely put, Six Sigma is a business process that allows the companies to design their operations in such a way that helps in improving their bottom line profitability by decreasing the waste, increasing the quality. Six Sigma is the business philosophy that urges companies to create mechanisms, which to do fewer mistakes in everything that they do, from writing a checkbook to designing a aircraft, from sweep the floor to refining petroleum (Carreira & Trudell, pp. 98-99). Despite the fact that Six Sigma could be placed in the life of quality management programs but it also has approximately striking differences from other quality management programs. First, when other quality programs concentre on finding, detecting and understanding the defects to fix them in the early stages of produceion, Six Sigma urges specifically to create m echanism, systems, and operations, which are defect free (Pande & Holpp, pp. 14-15). Six Sigma believes that products which show defects during production are more likely to do the same when used by the customers therefore, the focus should be recreating these processes in such a way that defects do not arise in the first place. Second, the way Six Sigma defines quality is much polar from other quality programs. During the 1980s, when the prevalent definition of quality was about conformance to certain standards regardless of how these standards were being met. Under the umbrella of Six Sigma, quality is delimit as a state in which value entitlement is realized for the customer and provider in every aspect of the business relationship (Summers, pp. 27). In the past, when companies focussed solely to conform to standards and produce products according to customer requirements they always found themselves trapped. This was because the companies had little or no focus on the process itself. The company producing the product after finding several defects in it during production, and the company producing it defect free in the first attempt, twain were standing in the same line because both had the same quality (Carreira & Trudell, pp. 98-99). Despite working hard on those products, profit margins of these companies remain stagnant or they even kept shrinking. They could not increase the expenditure because of the competition but their costs were sky rocketing because of extensive reworking, reprocessing, warranties, inspection, lost sales, buffer inventory, return and allowances, testing costs, overtime, complaint handlings and others (Zinkgraf, pp. 38). Furthermore, Six Sigma is also a business strategy and management philosophy, which cannot be implemented in the absence of support from the top management and the front line employees. Unlike other quality programs, implementation of Six Sigma requires motivation and support from all employees of the day. It is about asking ruffianly questions about the everyday operations in order to improve them (Carreira & Trudell, pp. 98-99). It is about asking tough questions and leaving comfort zone in order to become more effective in achieving the results. Moreover, Six Sigma believes

A journal article in the family and consumer science

A journal in the family and consumer science - Article object lessonFinally, a strong balance of personal reaction as well as summarized information would be included.The article entitled Promoting Partnerships for bouncing Youth was indite by Gulley (2011) and published in the Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences Education. The author clearly stated that the purpose of the project was to deliver a school-based wellness promotion program (where) the vex of the program was to increase nutrition knowledge, promote a healthy body mass index and encourage a healthy body image among children in grades four through seven, residing in a small rural community in southwest Virginia (Gulley, 2011, p. 47). Through providing a theoretical background that establishes the need for school-based health promotion, as evidenced by the reported incidences of obesity and prevalence of overweight children, Gulley examined school-based interventions to determine their effectiveness prior to propose d implementation.The key elements present in the discourse employ the joint efforts of university and community partnership as the main agencies to promote health and enhance awareness of school children on the relevance of an identified program, the Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids (HWHK). As revealed, the HWHK a school-based health education program, developed by Cooperative Extension Specialists at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, which focuses on promoting positive attitudes and behaviors cogitate to food, drinks, physical activity, and body image (Serrano, 2003) (Gulley, 2011, p. 48). There were six identified key topics from which the HWHKs curriculum was premised and guided by the Experiential Learning Model, to wit (1) brilliant Foods, (2) Smart Choices, (3) Smart Drinks, (4) Smart Snacks, (5) Smart Activities and (6) Smart Image (Gulley, 2011, p. 48). By measuring students knowledge on attitudes

Unit 49 - Dementia Essay Example for Free

Unit 49 Dementia EssayI view been working for a while in the Nursing mansion and I have met patients with different situations. We have been relations with more(prenominal) Nursing residents but getting to know with Dementia patients is very interesting. I have met Mrs. E which had been discharged from the hospital. She couldnt communicate properly on what she wants, even her family are having a problem to recognize the things she liked and wants. It was a challenge for us to serving her in her daily personal hygiene and especially eating and drinking. When she arrived we tried to comfort her and made comfortable. Her family was very supportive in her worry but its very hard to predict what she really wants. We checked her weight, as the process of checking if what they need for their nutrition. Mrs. E had been spitting out food at meal multiplication so we have tried to give her sweet drinks to divert her attention with the food. During the past days we have been trying t o identify on how to communicate with her with different ways until we tried to hold her hands while eating to keep her calm.Because of the Dementia Mrs. E had, she had lost weight for the past days because she didnt have practiced nutrition and until when shes a bit settled in her new home, she has been eating well. With the assessment of the Nurse, her diet was past changed to soft. She is able to take back her food straight away without chewing more that makes her more agitated. Her diet was changed because she dont like to use her dentures, she dont want anything that bothers her in her mouth. Mrs.E was admitted to the hospital because of poor nutrition caused by her Dementia. She wasnt eating and drinking very well until she was settled in the home where she had been attended to by the directionrs regularly. We gave her different kinds of food, until we gave her the food that she likes to swallow. So now we knew that she likes soft foods like mousse, ice cream and anythin g sweet. It was emotionally very good to Mrs. E because it will make her calmer and settled if we have achieved to give her what she wanted.When she first came to the al-Qaida, Mrs. E is very unsettled. With her shouting and crying, other residents had been affected with her in the dining board. I wasnt a very good atmosphere for Mrs E and the other residents and affected them so much in their meals. Some of them just go out without eating because of her in the dining room shouting. Since then we tried to make changes with the meal times and until we make her settled.We have to give her more attention, because when you just leave her and try to serve others she will then started to make cries and shouts because she can hear the noise in the dining room in which she dont know what to do and made her agitated. So we have to give her more time to have her meal, along with those who need assistance with their food. Person-centred care played a very important role in Mrs Es stay in the Home. We have been trying many ways on how we could communicate with her on what she wants to do, especially with her food.It friended the carers to recognize the wants of Mrs E with her food and gave the kitchen round the list she is having and the kind of drinks she is taking. She wanted to have a quiet environment during meal times to make her calmer. With the families helped in the history of Mrs E, it was a great helped in assessing the right kind of care to be given to her. The way she deals with her personal hygiene, to the likes of her dress and the kind of food she wants. Through the care plan the carers have the foothold of the thing they need to assist Mrs E in her care.It helped us in the care we give her and the food shes having. I have met Mr L, who has been admitted at the Home and his daughter gave us his lifes history prior to his stroke. He wasnt been eating and drinking he was not very well. Thats why his family decided to have him in the home to be taken care by the carers. We have been helping Him in the morning with his personal care as due to the stroke Mr L couldnt move his left side very well. He could suave immobilised himself through standing but with a help by us.He was very kind man but the problem is he is not eating very well. As we have seen in His care plan that we need to encourage him to eat and drink. Through the helped of His daughter we learned that because of his dementia he always forget the time of the day when he is still leaving on his own until He was not feeling well because He had no proper nutrition that He needs. Dealing his personal centred care we ask Him what time he usually eats breakfast, lunch and dinner and what kind of drinks He wants.He told us that He prefers to eat his meals in His room, because He was a writer before, he is just fund of reading books and papers. After a while in His stay at the Home he gets better, by giving Him the food at the right time and by helping Him with eating and drinki ng. As the result of this learning it has been very challenging in dealing this kind sickness. I know that we are not having full dementia unit but I am looking forward to learn more and to apply the things that I have learned in the different areas of Dementia.

Organizational Culture and Cultural Values Essay Example for Free

Organizational Culture and Cultural Values EssayOne of the most prominent instrumental values of 3Ms culture, and which has contributed to its success is employee risk-taking and hike of the same (Mitsch, 1990). 3Ms policy of creating room for employees to experiment and conduct research means that the researchers are more exposed to the risk of failure than they would be were risk-taking not encouraged. However, risk-taking also enhances chances of making improvements on existing products and developing new products. Another instrumental value in 3M is efficiency. Management of new technologies and innovations, assessing, reacting to and anticipating market trends, and assessing customer unavoidably can be very challenging for the management. Research and Development can be costly yet any(prenominal) results are not always decreed or available for immediate use. The management of available resources requires efficiency in management. Efficiency is therefore central to 3Ms cu lture. An important terminal value of 3Ms culture is high quality of output to meet customer expectations. 3M improves the quality of its output by encouraging research and development for long-term and short-term purposes.By encouraging risk-taking, allowing researchers to spend 15 percent of their time researching for new products and technologies, and scaling up RD budget from 4. 6 percent to 6. 5 percent within a decade, 3M declares its intention to ensure that consumers get a continous supply of high quality products (Mitsch, 1990). A second terminal value is innovation. As noted above, 3M attaches high premium on research and development of new technologies and improvement of existing technologies and products (Mitsch, 1990).Innovation is one of the factors which separate market leaders from mediocre organizations and 3M invests heavily to sharpen its advanced edge. Question 2 Human interactions, property rights and ethics do influence 3Ms cultural values. The involvement of marketing, manufacturing, quality, laboratory, financial and packaging staff in end product of new products grows healthy relationships between staff members working with the different units. This team-work reduces the frequency of inter-departmental rivalry and exchange of blame for mistakes and failures.Healthy interactions among units and sub-units are instrumental to increased productiveness and staff motivation. An important property right at 3M is access to and right to use laboratory resources and technologies developed within ones operating unit, as well as technologies developed by other units. A leading cause of failure in many organizations is unhealthy rivalry among units, which lead to some units keeping technologies and resources to themselves and barring others from accessing them.The management of 3M ensures that workers, regardless of which unit they come from, can access laboratory resources and technologies easily (Mitsch, 1990). Such property rights encourage inter-unit co-operation and cohesion, reduce RD costs, and promote productivity in the long-term. They also enrich the organizations cultural values. Reference Mitsch, R. (1990). Case Three Roads to Innovation. Journal of Business Strategy (Sept/Oct 1990), pp 18-21.

SDLC methodology for designing a system Essay Example for Free

SDLC methodological analysis for designing a system EssayThe primary aim is to evaluate the SDLC methodology for designing a system. Prior to building a system, a set of methodology is essential in keeping the process bitch in right force so that it adheres to entire coverage and successful completion of tasks. It demands professional approach in planning, building and operating a system. SDLC methodology which encompasses several techniques in making the system travel smooth, processing the various steps required in putting together a system successfully. The reel model which is a flavor of SDLC techniques corresponds in designing a system where job requirements be volatile in nature and communication with remote entities is a priority. The verticillate model would take into account all the primary steps in building a deliverable every time it completes a circle. erst it is finished with the planning and analysis phase the risk analysis task is taken in the picture. It i s followed by engineering, construction and release, client evaluation and finally customer communication. Once a round of drinks is covered, it results in a deliverable which is further processed upon customer communication and feedback.The SWOT analysis of the spiral model would canvass the coverage of whether it can be taken up as a viable option in designing a system. The following is the analysis Strengths The business environments are seldom volatile in nature where the requirements are ever changing and are adding every moment to expand their scope and stay combative in the market. The spiral model would shuffling sure that the proposed system is prone to changes. It provides enough mechanism to take into account the changes in the customers environment and act accordingly. foreign other SDLC methods where the business requirements are completely taken as standstill when taking into account the building of the system. Unlike the waterfall model where the design stages ar e non-reversible in nature, once the stage is surpassed it cannot be revisited again. Weaknesses The weaknesses of the spiral model are that it is sooner expensive in nature as every deployment is revisited with the spiral cycle once it receives a customer communication and feedback. It demands quite risk assessment expertise. The time taken to build the complete system is considerable high as for every new requirement is cycled all through from planning to implementation. The consumption of resources is substantially large as all the developmental stages are followed for creating a pas seul of the system in every cycle. Opportunities The opportunities of using the spiral model are relatively high in comparison to the other models in use. The business external environment is fast changing to the requirements and enveloping newer challenges to analyze their market and take risks to prosper. In this situation having a flexible system development strategy would make it easy to design and build a system susceptible to frequent changes with changing business requirements. Taking into account the other methods available in the market, the spiral model would stand out in the crowd. Threats The other prototyping methods like RAD and Incremental methods of SDLC pose a threat to spiral method. The incremental approach is quite complex in operation scarce its flexibility is quite high in solving discrepancies. The RAD methodology is quite popular in SDLC but is not prone to taking the frequent changes into consideration which is a drawback.

Huge Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in Teenager

Huge incendiary Myofibroblastic Tumor in TeenagerAbstractBackground Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is a rare benign neoplasm. The huge IMT of chest is even seldom observed and there is few literatures described the disease.Case pass onation A 17-year-old girl who suffered from a dry cough with right chest pain. Contrast-enhanced CT showed a huge confused citizenry with calcified plaques. A operative management st come ingy was successfully undertaken. change magnitude physician awareness of this entity should facilitate recognition of its clinical characteristics and laboratory findings.Conclusions This case suggests that a rarely huge and surgically treated IMT in a teen and concerned with the radioclinical, histopathological, therapeutic aspects of this disease.KeywordsInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, Lung, SurgeryBackgroundInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare benign tumor that often affects children. It has been first described by Brunn in 1939 1 and it accounts for 0.71% of all lung tumors. 2, 3. The origin of the IMT is unknown, but recent studies give shown that it is a true tumor rather than a reaction process 4. Different cost used to describe IMT include inflammatory pseudotumor, cadreular inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma and inflammatory fibrosarcoma. This lesion consists of inflammatory cells and myofibroblastic spindle cells 5, 6. We report a case with a rarely huge and surgically treated IMT in a teenager and concerned with the radioclinical, histopathological, therapeutic aspects of this disease.Case presentationA 17-year-old girl was referred to our hospital with a 15 days history of right chest and cough without sputum. She denied the following symptoms including the aim ofhoarseness, hemoptysis, anddyspnea. Her medical history and family history were uneventful. Physical interrogation revealed normal snorkel breather sounds in both of the lung fields. The results of laboratory examinatio ns, including arterial blood gases, hematology tests and biochemistry tests, were within normal limits. Her Pulmonary function tests and cardiovascular examination revealed normal performance. Contrast-enhanced chest computed imaging (CT) showed an 181615 cm hetero agentous mass with calcified plaques invading the entire right hemithorax and mediastinal shift to the left (Fig 1A, 1B). However, the patient refused to have the bronchoscopic examination and fine-needle biopsy of the mass. As diagnosis was not established through imaging, surgery was scheduled. Under general anesthesia with selective intubation, a huge mass (measuring 201717 cm and weighing 2010g) with inferior vena cava and right pericardium invasion was found and the right middle and lower lobes bronchus appeared encased by the mass. At last, the neoplasm was completely excised. The patient underwent a right middle and lower lobectomy, inferior vena cava angioplasty and partial resection of pericardium. Mediastinal l ymph node dissection was also accomplished. The feeding vessels of the mass were ligated and the mass was removed without tumor spillage or capsular injury. After that, reexpansion of the right upper lobe was observed and a chest tube was placed to drain the pleural cavity. A postoperative roentgenogram of the chest showed that the mediastinum had returned to its normal position and the right lung was well expanded. Microscopic examination revealed a proliferation of regular spindle cells arrayed in fascicles, admixed with lymphocytes, plasma cells and eosinophils. Additional immunohistochemistry with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-1 and smooth ponderousness actin (SMA) revealed positive and the translocation of the ALK gene was found by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). The results for desmin, S-100, CD99, CD34, Myogenin, EMA and pankeratin were negative. Ki-67 proliferative activity was 8%. Based on these data, the diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor was re tained. Histologic diagnosis showed a negative bronchial margin and lymph nodes free of malignancy. The patient do an uneventful postoperative convalescence and was followed up for two months without evidence of recurrence to date.ConclusionsInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare massforming lesion characterized by fibroblastic or myofibroblastic spindle cell proliferation with varying degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified IMT as a distinct entity in 1994 7. However, the huge inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of chest is even rarely observed and there is few literatures described the disease (Table). The cause of IMT tumors is unclear, but an immunological response to an infectious agent or noninfectious agent remains practicable 8. Whereas some reporters demonstrated that IMT tumors are true neoplasms and some believe the IMT tumors to be a low-grade sarcoma with inflammatory cells as it has a potential for local recurrence, infiltration, multicentricity, and rarely metastases 9. Also, ALK positivity is detected in 36% to 60% of cases and the presence of chromosomal aberrations in these tumors suggests that IMT is a neoplastic proliferation of clonal origin 10. In our case, there was no evidence of infection or inflammatory response and no history of trauma in her chest. The tumor was single and circumscribed, and movable.The IMT affects both sexes, at any ages, with a slight predominance in children and young adults 4, 11. Most patients are asymptomatic and the tumor is discovered incidentally on a chest X-ray performed for some other reason 4, 11.From the table, all of the four patients were young adults and were referred to the hospital with a common symptom of cough. In our patient, the tumor was discovered at an early age and the unless symptoms were dry cough and right chest pain.Radiological aspects are capricious. Chest radiographs are the most generally performed imaging study to evaluate the neoplasm. Most patients have a mass or a pulmonary nodule, generally measuring 1 to 6 cm in diameter 12. On CT scans, these tumors shows typically heterogenous attenuating enhancement 6. Sometimes the tumor can extend towards the hilum, mediastinum, pleura or diaphragm 1, 3. As recorded in the table, all the sizes of masses were huge and two of them were observed the invasion of the mediastinal or the chest wall. There is also a word of caution in our case that the representative calcifications were observed in the centure of heterogeneous mass and it invaded the inferior vena cava and right pericardium.Microscopically the IMT tumor consists of spindle shaped cells that are mixed with a chronic inflammatory component that consists of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and occasional histiocytes. Immunohistochemistry for ALK discovered cytogenetic abnormalities on chromosome 2p23 is relatively specific for IMF tumor among the spectrum of fibroblastic-myofibroblastic tumors and o ther potential mesenchymal mimics of IMF tumor 13. The recent WHO classification of soft tissue tumors recognizes 3 basic variants of IMT (1) loosely organized myofibroblasts in an edematous myxoid background with plasma cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and blood vessels, resembling nodular fasciitis (2) dense aggregates of spindle cells arrayed in a protean myxoid and collagenized background and admixed with a distinctive inflammatory infiltrate, diffuse clusters of plasma cells, and lymphoid nodules, resembling fibrous histiocytoma or fibromatosis and (3) collagen sheets with scattered plasma cells and eosinophils resembling a scar or desmoid tumor 14.The differential diagnosis of IMT is follicular dendritic cell tumor and inflammatory pseudotumor. Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS), which was first reported by Monda et al. in 1986, is a rare neoplastic proliferation that exhibits the morphological and immunophenotypic features of FDCS that are among the accessory cells of the lymphoid system. The tumor cells exhibited positive immunohistochemical staining for vimentin, CD21 and CD35 as well as negative staining for ALK-1 and SMA. Inflammatory pseudotumors are benign tumors commonly found in the lung and they are characterized by proliferation of spindle cells (fibroblasts and myoblasts), with variable numbers of mitoses, and inflammatory cells infiltration, particularly plasma cells. More recently, the presence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK 1) staining in some cases has been postulated to be of value in the confirmation of IMT and in its distinction from other entities. A series of studies found the translocation of the ALK gene by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) in IMT (16). In our case, the mass was spindle cell lesion with severe atypism and some mitosis. As shown in Fig 2 (A, B, C), ganglion-like cells were present and the immunohistochemistry result for ALK-1 shows strong positivity of tumor cytoplasm and translocation of the ALK gene. Based on these findings, her tumor may be very aggressive.Despite IMT is a benign tumor, it is considered by some authors as a low grade tumor because of malignant features such as local invasiveness, recurrence or malignant transformation. Complete surgical resection is the appropriate treatment for IMT. Cerfolio and colleagues reported an excellent prognosis in patients undergoing complete resection of pulmonary IMT, with a 5-year survival rate of 91.3%. However, a 60% recurrence rate in those receiving incomplete resection has been reported in the same study 15. Corticosteroid monotherapy may result in rapid resolution of the disease and sustained remit (17, 18). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) as solitary therapy may be extremely efficacious and anecdotal response to chemotherapy has also been reported (19). As the literature reviewed in the table, ternary patients had the operations by a standard posterolateral thoracotomy. Among them, two patients had t he lobectomy and the other had the complete resection with two through fourth ribs. The patient whose neoplasm invaded superior vena cava, liveliness atrium and right pulmonary vein underwent chemotherapy with bleomicin, etoposide and cisplatin. After two cycles of chemotherapy, the tumorslightly reduced in size and the patient only survived for 12 months.In summary, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare benign tumor. Because of its local invasiveness and its tendency to recur, IMT tumor can be confused with malignant lesions. Because the treatment of IMT tumor is conservative surgery, preoperative recognition is grievous to avoid radiation therapy, and intensive multi-agent chemotherapy that would be appropriate treatments for soft tissue sarcomas. Clinical and radiological presentation is variable and nonspecific and the diagnosis is rarely made before chirurgical management. Also, because the tumor with cellular atypia, ganglion-like cells, ALK and SMA reactivity has a m ore aggressive clinical behavior, a careful follow-up is required.Figure legendFigure 1 CT features of the case.A and B Contrast-enhanced CT showed a huge heterogeneous mass with calcified plaques.Figure 2 Histological and immunoistochemical features.A Hematoxylin-eosin staining demonstrating spindle cells sprinkled, with a predominance of plasma cells and lymphocytes. (X400)B Immunohistochemical staining showing strong reactivity for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-1(X400)C Immunohistochemical staining showing strong reactivity for smooth muscle actin (SMA) (X400)1